beta particle

Thân thiện

A scientist observes beta particle tracks in a cloud chamber.

Definition

Noun A beta particle is a high-speed electron or positron (a particle with the same mass as an electron but a positive charge) emitted from the nucleus of a radioactive atom during a type of radioactive decay called beta decay.

Usage

This is a scientific term used primarily in physics and chemistry to describe a specific subatomic emission. * It is a countable noun (e.g., a beta particle, beta particles). * It is often discussed in terms of its properties, such as its speed, charge, and penetrating power.

Examples

• Noun:
  • The experiment detected the emission of a beta particle from the sample.
  • Beta particles have a greater penetrating ability than alpha particles but less than gamma rays.
  • Shielding for beta particles often requires materials like plastic or aluminum.

Advanced Usage

• Beta-particle emission: The process of releasing beta particles.
  • The isotope's decay is characterized by beta-particle emission.
• Beta-particle spectrum: The distribution of energies among the beta particles emitted from a source.
  • Analyzing the beta-particle spectrum provides data on the decay process.

Variants and Related Words

• Beta decay (n): The radioactive decay process that produces beta particles.
• Beta radiation (n): A stream of beta particles, considered as a type of ionizing radiation.
• Positron (n): The antimatter counterpart of the electron, emitted in beta-plus (β⁺) decay.
• Electron (n): A stable subatomic particle with a negative charge, emitted in beta-minus (β⁻) decay.

Synonyms

• Beta ray (n, historical/less precise): An older term sometimes used synonymously with beta particle or beta radiation.

Related Phrases

• Beta emitter (n): A radioactive substance that undergoes beta decay.
  • Tritium is a common beta emitter used in some luminous paints.

Học thuật

Noun

1. a high-speed electron or positron emitted in the decay of a radioactive isotope